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Operation Big Switch and Korean Prison Interrogations

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Recording Date(s)
Accession Number
SR2019-16
Description

The CD is labeled "Korean War Interrogations 1952-1953."


Tracks one and two are Chinese news bulletins. The content of these bulletins is known in part:


Chinese Transcription of Section 6: News from Munsan Regarding POW Exchange Logistics


「韓國汶山4月10號消息:聯合國為中朝交換傷病戰俘,4月9號晚上,特由釜山開出一列火車,作為演習。該列火車於4月10號早晨到達汶山。由釜山到汶山一共320英哩,五個小小時到達。


「4月20號起,實行交換傷病戰俘5800名,中共和北韓的戰俘,就用該列火車,由釜山運送到汶山。」


「再讀一遍:韓國汶山4月10號消息:聯合國為中朝交換傷病戰俘,4月9號晚上,特由釜山開出一列火車,作為演習。該列火車於4月10號早晨到達汶山。與釜山到汶山一共320英哩,下午小時到達。4月20號起,實行交換傷病戰俘5800名,中共和北韓的戰俘,就用該列火車,由釜山運輸汶山。」


English Translation of Section 6: News from Munsan Regarding POW Exchange Logistics


"News from Munsan, Korea, April 10th: For the exchange of sick and wounded prisoners of war between the UN and the Chinese-North Korean forces, the United Nations specially dispatched a train from Pusan on the evening of April 9th as an exercise. The train arrived in Munsan on the morning of April 10th. The distance from Pusan to Munsan totals 320 miles, arriving in five hours."


"Starting April 20th, the exchange of 5,800 sick and wounded prisoners of war will be implemented. The Chinese Communist and North Korean POWs will be transported from Pusan to Munsan using this very train."


"Reading it once more: News from Munsan, Korea, April 10th: For the exchange of sick and wounded prisoners of war between the UN and the Chinese-North Korean forces, the United Nations specially dispatched a train from Pusan on the evening of April 9th as an exercise. The train arrived in Munsan on the morning of April 10th. From Pusan to Munsan totals 320 miles, arriving in five hours. Starting April 20th, the exchange of 5,800 sick and wounded prisoners of war will be implemented. The Chinese Communist and North Korean POWs will be transported from Pusan to Munsan using this very train."


Chinese Transcription of Section 7: News from Panmunjom Regarding the Agreement Signing


「……然後,丹尼爾少將將這六支自來水筆,分贈給在汶山聯軍基地服務最久的六位人員,作為紀念。」


「再讀一遍:……然後,丹尼爾將這六支自來水筆,分贈給在汶山聯軍基地服務最久的……」


English Translation of Section 7: News from Panmunjom Regarding the Agreement Signing


"...Afterward, Rear Admiral Daniel presented these six fountain pens as souvenirs to the six personnel who have served the longest at the UN Command base in Munsan."


"Reading it once more: ...Afterward, Daniel presented these six fountain pens as souvenirs to the six personnel who have served the longest at the UN Command base in Munsan..."


Track three is partially in English, explaining that the recording was made in the Yeongdeungpo Prison just after the Korean War, during Operation Big Switch. The prison was separated into two sides, with about 2000 prisoners on each side. The recording that follows is Korean singing and other sounds from the North Korean prisoners. [The speaker says that Operation Big Switch was in 1952, but it was in fact in 1953.] There are four songs, two of which are identified:


Song One, title in Korean: 조선 인민군 행진곡, 2절; English translation: Korean People's Army March, Verse 2;


2절
삼천리 아름다운 우리의 강토는
인민의 주권으로 행복한 락원
김장군 애국전통 높이 받들고서
하늘땅 우리 조국 피로 지키자

후렴
인민의 자유 행복 생명을 삼고
규율과 훈련으로 다진 몸이니
온 세계 앞서나갈 조선의 인민군
나가자 용감하게 싸워 이기자

(English translation)


Verse 2
Our beautiful land of three thousand ri (the Korean peninsula)
Is a happy paradise under the sovereignty of the people.
Holding high the patriotic tradition of General Kim,
Let us defend our homeland, heaven and earth, with our blood.

Chorus
Making the people’s freedom, happiness, and lives our sacred duty,
Our bodies are strengthened through discipline and training.
The Korean People’s Army, advancing ahead of the whole world,
Let us march forward bravely and fight to achieve victory.


Song Two, title in Korean: 조국보위의 노래;English translation: Song of National Defense.


가슴에 끓는 피를 조국에 바치니
영예로운 별빛이 머리우에 빛난다
나가자 인민군대 용감한 전사들아
인민의 조국을 지키자 목숨으로 지키자

정의의 총칼로써 원쑤를 무찔러
공화국은 영원히 부강하게 살리라
나가자 인민군대 용감한 전사들아
인민의 조국을 지키자 목숨으로 지키자


(English translation)


We dedicate the burning blood within our hearts to the motherland,
And the honorable stars shine above our heads.
Forward, brave warriors of the People’s Army,
Let us defend the people’s homeland - defend it with our lives.


With the guns and swords of justice, we shall crush the enemy,
And the Republic shall prosper and flourish forever.
Forward, brave warriors of the People’s Army,
Let us defend the people’s homeland - defend it with our lives.


Track four is introduced in English but has a mix of Chinese language commercial popular music and regional nostalgia that strongly points to a United Nations Command (UNC) or Republic of China (ROC/Taiwan) psychological warfare or troop entertainment network.

Restrictions
Undetermined
Original Format(s)
Running Time
36 minutes